Retrograde Intra Renal Surgery (RIRS) Treatment in Singapore

RIRS may take approximately 60-90 minutes to complete, though the duration can vary depending on factors such as stone size, number, and location within the kidney. Complex cases with multiple stones or challenging anatomy may require more time. The entire hospital visit, including preparation and recovery, may span several hours for day surgery patients. Your urologist may provide a time estimate based on your specific condition during the consultation.

RIRS is typically performed under general anaesthesia for patient comfort during the procedure. Some cases may use spinal anaesthesia based on patient factors and preferences. Postoperatively, patients may experience mild to moderate discomfort. This can be managed with oral pain medications. The stent may cause some discomfort until removal, but this can be managed with prescribed medications, including alpha-blockers and anti-inflammatories.

RIRS aims to achieve stone clearance, with outcomes varying based on stone size, location, composition, and kidney anatomy. Lower-pole stones and harder stones may have different clearance rates. For larger stones, staged procedures may be considered. Your urologist can discuss expected outcomes based on your specific stone characteristics.

Patients with desk jobs may be able to return to work within a few days after RIRS. Those with physically demanding occupations may need 1-2 weeks to resume full duties. A ureteral stent may cause some discomfort, but it usually doesn’t prevent light activities. After stent removal (typically 1-2 weeks post-procedure), any remaining restrictions may be lifted. Your recovery timeline depends on your overall health and job requirements.

RIRS procedures may involve placing a temporary ureteral stent to help with proper kidney drainage and prevent obstruction from swelling or stone fragments. The stent may remain for 1-2 weeks, though duration varies based on the extent and individual factors. Stent removal is typically a quick outpatient procedure done via cystoscopy. Some cases may not require stenting, which your urologist can determine during the procedure.

While RIRS aims to treat existing stones, it doesn’t prevent new stone formation. Stone recurrence can occur without preventive measures. However, proper metabolic evaluation, dietary modifications, increased fluid intake, and, sometimes, preventive medications may help reduce the risk of recurrence. Regular follow-up and monitoring can help detect new stones early, when they may be easier to treat.

RIRS may be suitable for stones up to 2 cm in size, with good outcomes often achieved for stones between 1 and 1.5 cm. Larger stones may be treated but could require staged procedures or a combination with other techniques. Stone location is as important as size – RIRS can be effective for treating lower pole stones and those in challenging anatomical positions where other treatments may be less suitable. Your urologist can assess whether RIRS is appropriate based on your stone characteristics.

Several alternatives exist depending on stone characteristics. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is non-invasive but may be less effective for larger or more complex stones. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy may be considered for huge stones, but it is more invasive. Medical management may help dissolve certain stone types. Observation may be appropriate for small, asymptomatic stones. Your urologist can discuss which option is most suitable for your specific situation, taking into account stone factors, anatomy, and your preferences.